The introduction of new technologies in the construction allowed not only to shorten the work, but also significantly improve the quality and appearance of the constructed buildings, structures. An example is the anchor technique, the use of which in many cases replaced the welding operations. Fastening with anchors much more economic and technological. It is also important and the fact that the anchorage is more aesthetic appearance than welds. Anchors are used to mount the most important structures, apparatyry and parts: general purpose steel structures, gates, erecting towers, suspended ceilings, piping, air conditioning and ventilation systems, etc.
Anchor – a device that is designed to consolidate the structures in concrete, including lightweight, rock, normal and hollow bricks, wood, plasterboard, etc. By way of attaching anchors can be divided into mechanical and chemical (adhesive). Mechanical anchor keeps the design through the force of friction that occurs between the base material and insert (sleeve) anchors made of metal or polymer (polypropylene, nylon). Fastening with a mechanical anchor is spacers: inserting a rod under the influence of disjoining and tightly pressed against the base material into the hollow material insert a special form of the polymer is disclosed, fills the void and provides thereby firmly. For manufacturing anchors working in hostile environments, using, usually stainless steel. In addition, the anchors can be applied protective coating. For example, the anchor working in the dry areas, apply cold galvanizing (coating thickness 4,5 mk). We can distinguish the following types of mechanical anchors: anchors for large loads (with a hook, ring, screw) to adjust the columns, the heavy equipment; anchor with trimming for mounting rails, hoists, anchor with a skewer to cross-cutting assembly products (bearing wooden structures, such as roofing); compact anchor for installation at a small depth of planting (rails, pipes, overhead structures, etc.), anchor with a jacket for a variety of mounting a non-critical load (installed in lightweight concrete, concrete and brick); short anchor for a variety of light mounting with a small depth of planting; puncture-anchor (to ensure high reliability of the attachment); segment anchor for through mounting angles, channels, joists and installation equipment; anchor for hollow materials (used in mounting systems, drywall, chipboard, fiberboard, steel sheets, hollow doors, profiles, decorative panels, small pendants, etc.), it is made from galvanized or plated steel, minimum thickness of the surface on which he mounted, should be 15-20 mm folding spring anchor screw, a ring, a hook made of galvanized steel for the pass-through mounting, mainly the ceiling (this keeps the anchor design, detail by exposing plates fastened to its end, pressing the plates to the surface carried out at the nut with gasket) anchor with a controlled opening, a short anchor of galvanized or stainless steel, it is used for installation in concrete, natural stone, under average load, wedging controlled visually; t-anchor for quick mounting in concrete ceilings, punched; anchor for fixing of door and window frames, etc.
